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Tarihi İstanbul Depremleri
Istanbul Earthquakes in the Middle Ages
`554 Earthquake`
Severe earthquakes that took place on 19 October and 14-23 December 554 in Istanbul, followed by the aftershocks that followed, gave the Byzantines 40 days of great fear.
Many churches were destroyed by the walls and Hebdemon (Bakırköy) and the dome of Hagia Sophia was damaged.
`740 Earthquake`
In the violent earthquake of 740 the Hagia Irini church was damaged;
`869 Earthquake`
The ephemeral tremors of 869 also lasted forty days at intervals. The Byzantines thought that earthquakes were a punishment sent against the sins they committed. They tried to prevent earthquakes through various rituals, ceremonies and rituals, and also organized religious special memorial anniversaries and made them part of the liturgical (religious) calendar. Along with few, some Byzantines influenced by Aristotle's theory believed that earthquakes were caused by natural causes (movement of underground winds)
`Earthquake 1509`( small apocalypse)
Istanbul has been exposed to a great number of depressions throughout history, some of which are severe.
Because this city is located on major fault lines.
This earthquake had an estimated magnitude of 7.5 magnitude
It caused great destruction, loss of life and fear, became a small apocalypse (apocalypse) and took place on 22 August 1509; Aftershocks continued throughout the next year.
`Earthquake 1776`
This earthquake, which broke the Marmara fault line along the length of the sea, felt a very wide area from Anatolia and Egypt to Greece and Austria. This earthquake, which is the center of the Marmara Sea and has effect on the area from İzmit to Tekirdağ.It took place on May 22, 1776 after the second day of religious day of muslims. the earthquake that took place in a terrible noisy meeting, strong fluctuations (tsunami) occurred in the Bosphorus. After this great earthquake, in the Ottoman capital 1767, 1768, 1769, 1771, 1790, 1802, 1804, 1837, 1841 (severe) and 1855, respectively, experienced severe earthquakes and minor damage and loss of lives. On the other hand, in 1789 III. Selim ordered the building not to be built too high in the capital.
`Earthquake 1894`
Istanbul (Marmara) Earthquake (1894):
This eartquake occured on July 12th.It was 7 magnitude.1349 people died in this earthquake.At the request of Abdulhamit, Egnitis, the Director of the Athens Observatory, and Kumbari, the Director of the Observatory, prepared a scientific report on the disaster and sangayat. On the other hand, after the earthquake, the first seismological observatory of the Ottoman State was established.Professor Agamemnone, geodynamic expert from Rome, came to Istanbul to work with the Director of the Observatory, Coumbary and was involved in seismology studies. The results of the earthquake disasters were sometimes tried to be shown lightly by the state administrations. As a matter of fact, II. Abdülhamit also applied censorship to the press on earthquake news. 1894 catastrophe Even though it is not the biggest earthquake in Istanbul, the Byzantine day. this earthquake carries the title of "last violent earthquake". It is also the most studied and researched earthquake in Istanbul between the 30 earthquakes leading to the loss of life and property.
https://spark.liceodesio.edu.i...73&chapterid=57
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